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For projectiles in unpowered flight, its velocity is highest at leaving the muzzle and drops off steadily because of air resistance.Projectiles traveling less than the speed of sound (about 340 m/s (1,100 ft/s) in dry air at sea level) are subsonic, while those traveling faster are supersonic and thus can travel a substantial distance and even hit a target before a nearby observer hears the ...
An air speed record is the highest airspeed attained by an aircraft of a particular class. The rules for all official aviation records are defined by Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), [1] which also ratifies any claims. Speed records are divided into a number of classes with sub-divisions.
When in flight, the main or major forces acting on the projectile are gravity, drag, and if present, wind; if in powered flight, thrust; and if guided, the forces imparted by the control surfaces. In small arms external ballistics applications, gravity imparts a downward acceleration on the projectile, causing it to drop from the line-of-sight.
The speed at which the pilot begins to apply control inputs to cause the aircraft nose to pitch up, after which it will leave the ground. [7] [26] [Note 1] V rot: Used instead of V R (in discussions of the takeoff performance of military aircraft) to denote rotation speed in conjunction with the term V ref (refusal speed). [19] V Ref
The Silbervogel was the first design for a hypersonic weapon and was developed by German scientists in the 1930s, but was never constructed. [6]The ASALM (Advanced Strategic Air-Launched Missile) was a medium-range strategic missile program developed in the late 1970s for the United States Air Force; the missile's development reached the stage of propulsion-system testing, test-flown to Mach 5 ...
In the trajectory of a bullet, as air passes over a bullet at high speed, a vacuum is created at the end of the bullet, slowing the projectile. The streamlined boat tail design reduces this form drag by allowing the air to flow along the surface of the tapering end. The resulting aerodynamic advantage is currently seen as the optimum shape for ...
Ballistics is the field of mechanics concerned with the launching, flight behaviour and impact effects of projectiles, especially weapon munitions such as bullets, unguided bombs, rockets and the like; the science or art of designing and accelerating projectiles so as to achieve a desired performance.
Some airspeed indicators in aircraft prior to the mid-1970s indicate in miles per hour plus knots (1 knot = 1.15 mph) or kilometers per hour (1 knot = 1.85 km/h). A primary flight display with the indicated airspeed (IAS) displayed in the form of a vertical "tape" on the left.