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Negotiation is a dialogue between two or more parties to resolve points of difference, gain an advantage for an individual or collective, or craft outcomes to satisfy various interests. The parties aspire to agree on matters of mutual interest . [ 1 ]
Advocacy is an activity by an individual or group that aims to influence decisions within political, economic, and social institutions. Advocacy includes activities and publications to influence public policy, laws and budgets by using facts, their relationships, the media, and messaging to educate government officials and the public.
The main difference between the second and first editions was the addition of a chapter after the main text entitled "Ten Questions People Ask About Getting to Yes". [2]: ix–x, 149–187 The book became a perennial best-seller. By July 1998, it had been appearing for more than three years on the BusinessWeek "Best-Seller" book list. [6]
Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter deals with peaceful settlement of disputes. It requires countries with disputes that could lead to war to first of all try to seek solutions through peaceful methods such as "negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice."
Most important, Track Two Diplomacy is intended to provide a bridge or complement official Track One negotiations. [ 8 ] Methods for conducting these activities are still evolving as is the thinking around which individuals—representing various roles and functions in society and government—should be included.
Argumentation includes various forms of dialogue such as deliberation and negotiation which are concerned with collaborative decision-making procedures. [3] It also encompasses eristic dialog, the branch of social debate in which victory over an opponent is the primary goal, and didactic dialogue used for teaching. [ 2 ]
The basics of negotiation are: [1] Purpose: Without aim, negotiation will lead to wastage of resource, money and time. Plan: It is necessary to make a plan before going for actual negotiation; Without planning, negotiation will fail. Pace: Negotiators try to achieve agreements on points of the negotiations before their concentration reduces.
Most theories of negotiations share the notion of negotiations as a process, but they differ in their description of the process. Structural, strategic, and procedural analysis builds on rational actors , who are able to prioritize clear goals, are able to make trade-offs between conflicting values, are consistent in their behavioral patterns ...