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Rhizophora mangle, also known as the red mangrove, [1] is a salt-tolerant, small-to-medium sized evergreen tree restricted to coastal, estuarine ecosystems along the southern portions of North America, the Caribbean as well as Central America and tropical West Africa. [2]
Rhizophora is a genus of tropical mangrove trees, sometimes collectively called true mangroves. The most notable species is the red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) but some other species and a few natural hybrids are known. Rhizophora species generally live in intertidal zones which are inundated daily by the ocean.
Rhizophora mangle — red mangrove; Red mangroves are characterized by a dendritic network of aerial prop roots extending into the soil. This allows them to live in anaerobic conditions by providing gas exchange. They attain 82–125 feet in height in deltas and 26–33 feet along shoreline. The bark is gray on the outside with a red interior.
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The red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) are recognized by the aboveground prop roots that help conduct air to the roots below ground and below the water, and by their broad leaves. Rhizophora mangle can reach 80 ft (24 m) in height in the tropics, however they typically grow to about 20 ft (6.1 m). This species are found on the water’s edge, and ...
Bruguiera is the basal genus and Rhizophora the most derived genus in the tribe. [3] Rhizophora is the only pan-tropical genus that is distributed along the intertidal zones of both the Indo-West Pacific (IWP) and Atlantic-East Pacific (AEP) regions. [5] The remaining mangrove genera are restricted to the IWP region. [5]
red mangrove Rhizophora mangle. The mangroves are more developed in the east, where rainfall is higher, and in areas where there is most fresh water. The external zones of the mangroves receive estuarine waters directly, while the internal zones are seasonally flooded by the tides.
Mixed stands of Rhizophora and Avicennia species are found in areas of higher salinity, particularly in the extreme northwest. Rhizophora and Laguncularia species grow in channels with more fresh water, and Rhizophora, Avicennia and Laguncularia grow where the soil contains more organic matter. The higher zones hold forests dominated by ...