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"Corrections" is also the name of a field of academic study concerned with the theories, policies, and programs pertaining to the practice of corrections. Its object of study includes personnel training and management as well as the experiences of those on the other side of the fence — the unwilling subjects of the correctional process. [1]
The theory of the modern prison system was born in London, influenced by the utilitarianism of Jeremy Bentham. Bentham's panopticon introduced the principle of observation and control that underpins the design of the modern prison. The notion of prisoners being incarcerated as part of their punishment, and not simply as a holding state until ...
Protective custody (PC) is a type of imprisonment (or care) to protect a person from harm, either from outside sources or other prisoners. [1] Many prison administrators believe the level of violence, or the underlying threat of violence within prisons, is a chief factor causing the need for PC units.
According to The Corrections Yearbook, 2000, the average annual starting salary for public corrections officers was $23,002, compared to $17,628 for private prison guards. The poor pay is a likely factor in the high turnover rate in private prisons, at 52.2 percent compared to 16 percent in public facilities.
The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions. Goals include the rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and moral support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police , prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and the prisons system.
Judiciary system – network of courts that interpret the law in the name of the state, and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law. [1] Corrections system – network of governmental agencies that administer a jurisdiction's prisons, probation, and parole systems ...
Correctional populations in the U.S., 1980–2013 US timeline graphs of number of people incarcerated in jails and prisons [1]. The prison–industrial complex (PIC) is a term, coined after the "military-industrial complex" of the 1950s, [2] used by scholars and activists to describe the many relationships between institutions of imprisonment (such as prisons, jails, detention facilities, and ...
Inexpensive measures like these prevent prison assaults and riots which in turn allow the number of guards to be minimized. Providing the quickest possible parole and/or release also reduces immediate costs to the prison system (although these may very well increase long term costs to the prison system and society due to recidivism). The ...