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The origin of the word Balkan is obscure; it may be related to Turkish bālk 'mud' (from Proto-Turkic *bal 'mud, clay; thick or gluey substance', cf. also Turkic bal 'honey'), and the Turkish suffix -an 'swampy forest' [9] or Persian bālā-khāna 'big high house'. [10] It was used mainly during the time of the Ottoman Empire.
Four Balkan states defeated the Ottoman Empire in the first war; one of the four, Bulgaria, was defeated in the second war. The Ottoman Empire lost nearly all of its holdings in Europe. Austria-Hungary, although not a combatant, was weakened as a much enlarged Serbia pushed for union of the South Slavic peoples. [ 41 ]
The powder keg of Europe or Balkan powder keg was the Balkans in the early part of the 20th century preceding World War I. There were many overlapping claims to territories and spheres of influence between the major European powers such as the Russian Empire , the Austro-Hungarian Empire , the German Empire and, to a lesser degree, the Ottoman ...
Coined in the early 20th century, the term "Balkanization" traces its origins to the depiction of events during the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) and the First World War (1914–1918). It did not emerge during the gradual secession of Balkan nations from the Ottoman Empire over the 19th century, but was coined at the end of the First World War.
From 1918 to 1922, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes continued to be subdivided into the pre-World War I divisions (districts, counties and kingdoms) of the Habsburg monarchy and the formerly independent Balkan kingdoms of Serbia and Montenegro. The provinces (pokrajine) were: Slovenia; Croatia and Slavonia; Dalmatia; Bosnia and ...
Although the kingdom had been crushed and its high nobility executed, the Ottomans nonetheless allowed for the preservation of Bosnia's identity by incorporating it as an integral province of the Ottoman Empire with its historical name and territorial integrity - a unique case among subjugated states in the Balkans. [6]
Proposed confederate state of Balkania: Kosovo (light red), Serbia (yellow), and Montenegro (light blue) [1] [2]. Balkania, otherwise known as the Balkan Federation, was the name of a hypothetical confederacy proposed as an independent successor state to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the Balkans, suggested by the Kosovo Albanian politician and human rights defender Adem Demaçi in 1996.
Map showing the borders of the Balkan states before and after both Balkan Wars.. The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, [1] which still controlled much of Southeastern Europe.