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Attar, also known as ittar, is an essential oil derived from botanical or other natural sources. Most commonly these oils are extracted via hydrodistillation or steam distillation . The Persian physician Ibn Sina was the first to derive the attar of flowers from distillation. [ 1 ]
Attar was a Sunni Muslim. [11] From childhood onward Attar, encouraged by his father, was interested in the Sufis and their sayings and way of life, and regarded their saints as his spiritual guides. [12] At the age of 78, Attar died a violent death in the massacre which the Mongols inflicted on Nishapur in April 1221. [4]
In Hindi, it is known as agar, which is derived originally from the Sanskrit aguru. [23] [24] In Sinhala Agarwood producing Gyrinops walla tree is known as "Walla Patta" (වල්ල පට්ට). In Tamil it is called aghi (அகில்) though what was referred in ancient Tamil literature could well be Excoecaria agallocha.
Attar (Arabic: عطار, ʿAṭṭār) is both an Arabic given name and a surname that refers to the occupations apothecary, pharmacist, spice dealer, or perfumer. There is an exaggerated form related to this name, Atir or Ater ( عاطِر ‘āṭir), meaning "perfumed, sweet-smelling, aromatic, fragrant", which is used rarely.
Kannauj Perfume is listed as item 157 of the GI Act 1999, which was passed by the Government of India. [2] Kannauj's perfume sector has a storied history. Due to the role of perfume production in Kannauj, the city is known as "the perfume capital of India". Additionally, one writer said that "Kannauj is to India what Grasse is to France".
It was widely used by the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions. [12] Alexander the Great [13] is also said to have perspired the odor of musk. [14] [15] Popular scents in Arab Muslim tradition include jasmine, amber, musk and oud . [16] Musk has been used to attract wild animals, including in man-made perfume mixtures.
عطر ʿitr [ʕitˤr] (listen ⓘ), perfume, aroma. The English word came from the Hindi/Urdu-speaking area of northeast India in the late 18th century and its source was the Hindi/Urdu atr | itr = "perfume", [62] which had come from the Persian ʿitr = "perfume", and the Persian had come medievally from the Arabic ʿitr. [63] aubergine
The Attar are a Muslim community and caste found in the Indian states of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh in India. This community has no connection with the Attarwala of Gujarat , other than both communities at one time having been involved in the manufacture of attars (perfumes).