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The color is caused by the size and dispersion of gold particles. Ruby gold glass is usually made of lead glass with added tin. Silver compounds such as silver nitrate and silver halides can produce a range of colors from orange-red to yellow. The way the glass is heated and cooled can significantly affect the colors produced by these compounds.
Colloidal gold is a sol or colloidal suspension of nanoparticles of gold in a fluid, usually water. [1] The colloid is coloured usually either wine red (for spherical particles less than 100 nm) or blue-purple (for larger spherical particles or nanorods). [2]
An example of a more traditional liquid–solid technique has been described by Sardar et al. by beginning with the immobilization of gold nanoparticles on a silanized glass surface. Then the glass surface was exposed to 11-mercapto-1-undecanol, which bonded to the exposed hemispheres of the gold nanoparticles.
BINAP-functionalized palladium nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles have been used for the hydrosilylaytion of styrene under mild conditions; they were found to be more catalytically active and more stable than non-nanoparticle Pd-BINAP complexes. [11] [12] The reaction may also be catalyzed by a nanoparticle that consists of two metals. [5] [13]
In physical chemistry and engineering, passivation is coating a material so that it becomes "passive", that is, less readily affected or corroded by the environment. . Passivation involves creation of an outer layer of shield material that is applied as a microcoating, created by chemical reaction with the base material, or allowed to build by spontaneous oxidation
When added to a bulk material, nanoparticles can strongly influence the mechanical properties of the material, such as the stiffness or elasticity. For example, traditional polymers can be reinforced by nanoparticles (such as carbon nanotubes ) resulting in novel materials which can be used as lightweight replacements for metals.
Gold catalysts are especially selective in the hydrogenation of α,β-insaturated aldehydes, i.e. aldehydes containing a C=C double bond on the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl. Gold catalysts are able to hydrogenate only the carbonyl group, so that the aldehyde is transformed to the corresponding alcohol, while leaving the C=C double bond ...
A nanoshell, or rather a nanoshell plasmon, is a type of spherical nanoparticle consisting of a dielectric core which is covered by a thin metallic shell (usually gold). [1] These nanoshells involve a quasiparticle called a plasmon which is a collective excitation or quantum plasma oscillation where the electrons simultaneously oscillate with ...