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Shi'ite Islam is a text on the history and thought of Shi'a Islam.. Written by Muhammed H. Al-Tabataba'i, with the translation, editing, and introduction by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, it was the first text to be written by a high ranking Shi'a scholar and intended for western readership.
Shi‘a Islam, also known as Shi‘ite Islam or Shia, is the second largest branch of Islam after Sunni Islam. Shias adhere to the teachings of Muhammad and the religious guidance of his family (who are referred to as the Ahl al-Bayt ) or his descendants known as Shia Imams .
Zaydism (Arabic: الزَّيْدِيَّة, romanized: az-Zaydiyya) is a branch of Shia Islam that emerged in the eighth century following Zayd ibn Ali's unsuccessful rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate. [1] Zaydism is one of the three main branches of Shi'ism, with the other two being Twelverism and Ismailism. [2]
Shia Islam [a] is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib ( r. 656–661 ) as his successor ( khalifa ) as the imam , that is the spiritual and political leader of the Muslim community.
Shiism began for the first time with a reference made to the partisans of Ali the first leader of the Ahl al-Bayt (Household of the prophet). [8] In the early years of Islamic history there was no "orthodox" Sunni or "heretical" Shiite, but rather of two points of view that were drifting steadily until became manifest as early as the death of Muhammad the prophet of Islam.
The Just Ruler in Shi'ite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence Oxford University Press Inc (USA), 1998, ISBN 0-19-511915-0; The Islamic Roots of Democratic Pluralism Oxford University Press Inc (USA), 2000, ISBN 0-19-513991-7
Sunni Islam does not conceive of the role of imams in the same sense as Shia Islam: an important distinction often overlooked by non-Muslims. In everyday terms, an imam for Sunni Muslims is the person charged with leading formal Islamic prayers ( Fard )—even in locations besides the mosque—whenever prayer is performed in a group of two or more.
When ahl (أهل) appears in construction with a person, it refers to his blood relatives.However, the word also acquires wider meanings with other nouns. [6] In particular, bayt (بَيْت) is translated as 'habitation' and 'dwelling', [7] and thus the basic translation of ahl al-bayt is '(the) inhabitants of the house'. [6]