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The risk of thromboembolism varies with different types of birth control pills; compared with combined oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel (LNG), and with the same dose of estrogen and duration of use, the rate ratio of deep venous thrombosis for combined oral contraceptives with norethisterone is 0.98, with norgestimate 1.19, with ...
Combined hormonal contraception (CHC), or combined birth control, is a form of hormonal contraception which combines both an estrogen and a progestogen in varying formulations. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The different types available include the pill , the patch and the vaginal ring , which are all widely available, [ 3 ] and an injection , which is available ...
Estradiol, mainly as esters including estradiol valerate, estradiol cypionate, and estradiol enanthate, is also the exclusive estrogen used in combined injectable contraceptives. [6] As of 2021, more than 95% of prescriptions are for combined hormonal birth control forms containing the synthetic estrogen ethinylestradiol (EE). [7]
It is combined with the estrogen ethinylestradiol in these formulations. [19] At very low daily dose of 30 μg, levonorgestrel is used in some progestogen-only pill formulations. [19] Levonorgestrel is the active ingredient in a number of intrauterine devices including Mirena and Skyla.
The main division is between combined oral contraceptive pills, containing both estrogens and synthetic progestogens , and progestogen only pills. Combined oral contraceptive pills also come in varying types, including varying doses of estrogen, and whether the dose of estrogen or progestogen changes from week to week.
Over the next decade and a half, other types of progestogen-only contraceptive were developed: a low-dose progestogen only pill (1973); [55] Progestasert, the first hormonal intrauterine device (1976); [56] and Norplant, the first contraceptive implant (1983). [57] Combined contraceptives have also been made available in a variety of forms.