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Cutting-stock problems can be classified in several ways. [1] One way is the dimensionality of the cutting: the above example illustrates a one-dimensional (1D) problem; other industrial applications of 1D occur when cutting pipes, cables, and steel bars. Two-dimensional (2D) problems are encountered in furniture, clothing and glass production.
The Fibonacci word is an example of a Sturmian word.The start of the cutting sequence shown here illustrates the start of the word 0100101001. In digital geometry, a cutting sequence is a sequence of symbols whose elements correspond to the individual grid lines crossed ("cut") as a curve crosses a square grid.
The maximum number of pieces from consecutive cuts are the numbers in the Lazy Caterer's Sequence. When a circle is cut n times to produce the maximum number of pieces, represented as p = f (n), the n th cut must be considered; the number of pieces before the last cut is f (n − 1), while the number of pieces added by the last cut is n.
The hexagonal packing of circles on a 2-dimensional Euclidean plane. These problems are mathematically distinct from the ideas in the circle packing theorem.The related circle packing problem deals with packing circles, possibly of different sizes, on a surface, for instance the plane or a sphere.
Cutting planes were proposed by Ralph Gomory in the 1950s as a method for solving integer programming and mixed-integer programming problems. However, most experts, including Gomory himself, considered them to be impractical due to numerical instability, as well as ineffective because many rounds of cuts were needed to make progress towards the solution.
The fold-and-cut theorem states that any shape with straight sides can be cut from a single (idealized) sheet of paper by folding it flat and making a single straight complete cut. [1] Such shapes include polygons, which may be concave, shapes with holes, and collections of such shapes (i.e. the regions need not be connected ).
The fold-and-cut problem asks what shapes can be obtained by folding a piece of paper flat, and making a single straight complete cut. The solution, known as the fold-and-cut theorem, states that any shape with straight sides can be obtained. A practical problem is how to fold a map so that it may be manipulated with minimal effort or movements.
Thus, a plane section is the boundary of a cross-section of a solid in a cutting plane. If a surface in a three-dimensional space is defined by a function of two variables, i.e., z = f(x, y), the plane sections by cutting planes that are parallel to a coordinate plane (a plane determined by two coordinate axes) are called level curves or ...