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Niobium is a chemical element; it has symbol Nb ... English chemist Charles Hatchett identified the element columbium in 1801 within a mineral discovered in ...
Charles Hatchett FRS FRSE (2 January 1765 – 10 March 1847 [1]) was an English mineralogist and analytical chemist who discovered the element niobium, for which he proposed the name "columbium". [2] Hatchett was elected a Fellow of the Linnaean Society in 1795, [3] and of the Royal Society in 1797.
The mineral columbite The element niobium. In 1846, Rose rediscovered the chemical element niobium, proving conclusively that it was different from tantalum. This confirmed that Charles Hatchett had discovered niobium in 1801 in columbite ore. Hatchett had named the new element "columbium", from the ore in which niobium and tantalum coexist.
Perey discovered it as a decay product of 227 Ac. [177] Francium was the last element to be discovered in nature, rather than synthesized in the lab, although four of the "synthetic" elements that were discovered later (plutonium, neptunium, astatine, and promethium) were eventually found in trace amounts in nature as well. [178]
There are 20 parts per million of niobium in the Earth's crust, making it the 33rd most abundant element there. Soil contains on average 24 parts per million of niobium, and seawater contains 900 parts per quadrillion of niobium. A typical human contains 21 parts per billion of niobium. Niobium is in the minerals columbite and pyrochlore. [19]
The main source of niobium until now has been from the ore mineral columbite that is extracted widely in Canada, Brazil, Australia and Nigeria, with China obtaining nearly 95 per cent of the ...
The first rare-earth mineral discovered (1787) was gadolinite ... That mine may be able to produce as much as 7200 metric tons of ferro niobium and 95 metric ...
Tantalum was discovered in Sweden in 1802 by Anders Ekeberg, in two mineral samples – one from Sweden and the other from Finland. [15] [16] One year earlier, Charles Hatchett had discovered columbium (now niobium). [17] In 1809, the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston compared the oxides of columbium and tantalum, columbite and tantalite.