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The history of Guatemala traces back to the Maya civilization (2600 BC – 1697 AD), with the country's modern history beginning with the Spanish conquest of Guatemala in 1524. By 1000 AD, most of the major Classic-era (250–900 AD) Maya cities in the Petén Basin , located in the northern lowlands, had been abandoned.
Guatemala also has an almost five-century-old tradition of art music, spanning from the first liturgical chant and polyphony, introduced in 1524 to contemporary art music. Much of the music composed in Guatemala from the 16th century to the 19th century has only recently been unearthed by scholars and is being revived by performers.
1957 – National Library of Guatemala new building opens. 1966 – Del Valle University of Guatemala founded. 1971 – Francisco Marroquin University founded. 1973 – Population: 706,920. [9] 1975 – Museo Nacional de Arte Moderno "Carlos Mérida" established. 1976 – February 4: 1976 Guatemala earthquake. 1978 – National Theatre opens.
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In Spanish colonial times, Guatemala City was a small town. It had a monastery called El Carmen, founded in 1620 (this was the second hermitage).The capital of the Spanish Captaincy General of Guatemala, covering most of modern Central America, was moved here after a series of earthquakes — the Santa Marta earthquakes that started on July 29, 1773 — destroyed the old capital, Antigua. [2]
Guatemalan art refers to all forms of visual art associated with a Guatemalan national identity either because they are created within Guatemala, for Guatemalans, or by Guatemalans. The visual arts in Guatemala consist largely of weaving , muralism , painting , architecture , and the performing arts .
In Guatemala, the Spanish colonial pattern of keeping the native population legally separate and subservient continued well into the 20th century. [citation needed] This resulted in many traditional customs being retained, as the only other option than traditional Maya life open to most Maya was entering the westeren culture at the very bottom ...
The Palacio Nacional de la Cultura (National Palace of Culture), also known colloquially as "Palacio Verde", [1] is identified as Guatemala City's symbol in its architectural context. It was the most important building in Guatemala and was the headquarters of the president of Guatemala.