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The following are single-word prepositions that take clauses as complements. Prepositions marked with an asterisk in this section can only take non-finite clauses as complements. Note that dictionaries and grammars informed by concepts from traditional grammar may categorize these conjunctive prepositions as subordinating conjunctions.
English prepositions are words – such as of, in, on, at, from, etc. – that function as the head of a prepositional phrase, and most characteristically license a noun phrase object (e.g., in the water). [1]
o (about, of, on, for, at, during, by, with, over, against, using). This preposition with the accusative case has a different use and meaning (jedná se o to ≠ jedná se o tom). If the preposition uses both accusative and locative case, the accusative is used for direction (where to) while locative for pure location (where).
The functions of the Proto-Indo-European instrumental case were taken over by the dative, so that the Greek dative has functions belonging to the Proto-Indo-European dative, instrumental, and locative. [4] This is the case with the bare dative, and the dative with the preposition σύν sýn "with".
– over is a particle. The natural division is "think over | the situation". b. He thought the situation over. – The particle can follow the object of the particle verb. A third test, which probes further into the question of the natural division, would be to insert an adverb or adverbial between the verb and the particle/preposition.
English allows the use of "stranded" prepositions. This can occur in interrogative and relative clauses, where the interrogative or relative pronoun that is the preposition's complement is moved to the start , leaving the preposition in place. This kind of structure is avoided in some kinds of formal English.
Although comprise is a verb, comprised is an adjective if it takes as its complement a preposition phrase headed by of. [ 28 ] [ 29 ] The distinction between the verb comprise (of course including preterite and past participle "comprised") and adjective comprised is perhaps most easily understood via compose(d) :
Examples are on in carry on, get on, etc., and over in take over, fall over, and so on. The equivalents in Dutch and German are separable prefixes , which also often have the same form as prepositions: for example, Dutch aanbieden and German anbieten (both meaning "to offer") contain the separable prefix aan/an , which is also a preposition ...