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St. Augustine is a dark green grass with broad, flat blades. It spreads by aboveground stolons , commonly known as "runners", and forms a dense layer. The grass occurs on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean , [ 1 ] including much of the southeastern United States, Texas, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Mexico, and Central and South America. [ 1 ]
Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze – St. Augustine grass, Charleston grass, "buffalo grass" – Americas from Virginia + California to Uruguay [3] [7] Stenotaphrum unilaterale Baker – Madagascar [6] formerly included [2] see Parapholis. Stenotaphrum compressum – Parapholis filiformis
It is known both as buffalograss and buffalo grass, [24] though buffalo grass is also used as a common name for St. Augustine grass in Australia, [25] as an alternate name of Cenchrus ciliaris and Panicum stapfianum in South Africa, [26] and one of the names of Paspalum conjugatum in Singapore. [27] It is also occasionally called "gama grass". [18]
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Sod is grown on specialist farms. For 2009, the United States Department of Agriculture reported 1,412 farms had 368,188 acres (149,000.4 ha) of sod in production. [9]It is usually grown locally (within 100 miles of the target market) [10] to minimize both the cost of transport and also the risk of damage to the product.
A plug of St. Augustine grass ready for sprigging. Plug plants grow more consistently, as has been noted by the commercial scale vegetable growing industry, and more rapidly; large-scale brassica field crops are planted almost exclusively from soil block plugs in some parts of Europe, a trend which is growing in the UK.