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Essentialism, in its broadest sense, is any philosophy that acknowledges the primacy of essence. Unlike existentialism, which posits "being" as the fundamental reality, the essentialist ontology must be approached from a metaphysical perspective. Empirical knowledge is developed from experience of a relational universe whose components and ...
Scientific essentialism, a view espoused by Saul Kripke and Hilary Putnam, [1] maintains that there exist essential properties that objects possess (or instantiate) necessarily. In other words, having such and such essential properties is a necessary condition for membership in a given natural kind.
The new essentialism is an emerging metaphysical perspective that is the culmination of many different attempts to arrive at a satisfactory post-Humean philosophy of nature. However, this list of claimed allies has been disputed by Stephen Mumford , at least with regard to Shoemaker, Martin, Molnar, Heil and Cartwright.
Mereological essentialism is typically taken to be a thesis about concrete material objects, but it may also be applied to abstract objects, such as a set or proposition. . If mereological essentialism is correct, a proposition, or thought, has its parts essentially; in other words, it has ontological commitments to all its conceptual componen
Biological essentialism may refer to: Biological determinism , the belief that human behavior is biologically predetermined Gender essentialism , the belief that human genders are biologically innate
The philosophy of engineering is an emerging discipline that considers what engineering is, what engineers do, and how their work affects society, and thus includes aspects of ethics and aesthetics, as well as the ontology, epistemology, etc. that might be studied in, for example, the philosophy of science or the philosophy of technology.
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Instrumentalism is a perspective originally introduced by Pierre Duhem in 1906. [ 2 ] Rejecting scientific realism 's ambitions to uncover metaphysical truth about nature, [ 2 ] instrumentalism is usually categorized as an antirealism , although its mere lack of commitment to scientific theory's realism can be termed nonrealism .