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A simple type of analogy is one that is based on shared properties; [1] [2] and analogizing is the process of representing information about a particular subject (the analogue or source system) by another particular subject (the target system), [3] in order "to illustrate some particular aspect (or clarify selected attributes) of the primary domain".
Soft independent modelling by class analogy (SIMCA) is a statistical method for supervised classification of data. The method requires a training data set consisting of samples (or objects) with a set of attributes and their class membership. The term soft refers to the fact the classifier can identify samples as belonging to multiple classes ...
Analogy plays an important role in child language acquisition.The relationship between language acquisition and language change is well established, [2] and while both adult speakers and children can be innovators of morphophonetic and morphosyntactic change, [3] analogy used in child language acquisition likely forms one major source of analogical change.
Ensemble learning, including both regression and classification tasks, can be explained using a geometric framework. [15] Within this framework, the output of each individual classifier or regressor for the entire dataset can be viewed as a point in a multi-dimensional space.
The mobility analogy, also called admittance analogy or Firestone analogy, is a method of representing a mechanical system by an analogous electrical system. The advantage of doing this is that there is a large body of theory and analysis techniques concerning complex electrical systems, especially in the field of filters . [ 1 ]
In k-NN classification the function is only approximated locally and all computation is deferred until function evaluation. Since this algorithm relies on distance, if the features represent different physical units or come in vastly different scales, then feature-wise normalizing of the training data can greatly improve its accuracy. [4]
Inductive reasoning is any of various methods of reasoning in which broad generalizations or principles are derived from a body of observations. [1] [2] This article is concerned with the inductive reasoning other than deductive reasoning (such as mathematical induction), where the conclusion of a deductive argument is certain, given the premises are correct; in contrast, the truth of the ...
An evolutionary grade is a group of species united by morphological or physiological traits, that has given rise to another group that has major differences from the ancestral group's condition, and is thus not considered part of the ancestral group, while still having enough similarities that we can group them under the same clade.