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In 2013, compounds of sodium and chloride of different stoichiometries have been discovered; five new compounds were predicted (e.g., Na 3 Cl, Na 2 Cl, Na 3 Cl 2, NaCl 3, and NaCl 7). The existence of some of them has been experimentally confirmed at high pressures and other conditions: cubic and orthorhombic NaCl 3 , two-dimensional metallic ...
Properties of water–NaCl mixtures [3]; NaCl, wt% T eq, °C ρ, g/cm 3 n η, mPa·s 0: 0: 0.99984: 1.333: 1.002 0.5: −0.3: 1.0018: 1.3339: 1.011 1: −0.59: 1.0053 ...
Sodium chloride, also known as 'edible salt' or 'table salt' [87] (chemical formula NaCl), is the principal source of sodium (Na) in the diet and is used as seasoning and preservative in such commodities as pickled preserves and jerky. For Americans, most sodium chloride comes from processed foods. [88]
Sodium atoms have 11 electrons, one more than the stable configuration of the noble gas neon. As a result, sodium usually forms ionic compounds involving the Na + cation. [1] Sodium is a reactive alkali metal and is much more stable in ionic compounds. It can also form intermetallic compounds and organosodium compounds.
Each ion can be either monatomic (termed simple ion), such as sodium (Na +) and chloride (Cl −) in sodium chloride, or polyatomic, such as ammonium (NH + 4) and carbonate (CO 2− 3) ions in ammonium carbonate. Salts containing basic ions hydroxide (OH −) or oxide (O 2−) are classified as bases, such as sodium hydroxide and potassium oxide.
Mined salt is often refined. Salt crystals are translucent and cubic in shape; they normally appear white but impurities may give them a blue or purple tinge. When dissolved in water sodium chloride separates into Na + and Cl − ions, and the solubility is 359 grams per litre. [33]
The sodium-chloride symporter or NCC is a member of the SLC12 cotransporter family of electroneutral cation-coupled chloride cotransporter, along with the potassium-chloride cotransporters (K +-Cl − cotransporters or KCCs), the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporters (Na +-K +-Cl − cotransporters or NKCCs) and orphan member CIP (cotransporter interacting protein) and CCC9.
Sodium chlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na ClO 3. It is a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water. It is hygroscopic. It decomposes above 300 °C to release oxygen [4] and leaves sodium chloride.