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The courtyard (sahn) of a mosque normally precedes and gives access to the interior prayer hall that stands on the qibla side (the side corresponding to the direction of prayer). [ 7 ] [ 1 ] Most mosque courtyards ( sahn ) contained a public fountain where Muslims performed wudu , a ritual ablution (purification) required before prayer . [ 8 ]
Islamic architecture comprises the architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam. It encompasses both secular and religious styles from the early history of Islam to the present day. The Islamic world encompasses a wide geographic area historically ranging from western Africa and Europe to eastern Asia.
Courtyard of the Friday Mosque in Isfahan, with its four-iwan layout dating from the early 12th century. The most important religious monument from the Great Seljuk period is the Jameh Mosque of Isfahan, which was expanded and modified by various Seljuk patrons in the late 11th century and early 12th century.
The rectangular courtyard measures 55 by 57 metres (180 by 187 ft). [2] It is surrounded by riwaq s (arched porticoes ) supported by columns and covered by domes. In the center of the courtyard is an ablutions fountain made of carved marble and sheltered by a wooden roof held up by columns, all richly decorated in a baroque style.
Umayyad architecture developed in the Umayyad Caliphate between 661 and 750, primarily in its heartlands of Syria and Palestine. It drew extensively on the architecture of older Middle Eastern and Mediterranean civilizations including the Sassanian Empire and especially the Byzantine Empire , but introduced innovations in decoration and form.
Courtyard and minaret of Dakhna Grand Mosque in Riyadh, 1952. Mosques are the main place of worship in Islam. Muslims are called to prayer five times a day and participate in prayers together as a community, facing towards the qibla (direction of prayer). Every neighborhood normally had one or many mosques in order to accommodate the spiritual ...
The rectangular sahn or courtyard is in the northern part of the mosque. It is 45 metres (148 ft) wide, the same width as the nine central naves, and 23 metres (75 ft) long or deep. There is an ablution fountain at the center of the courtyard. [1] Nowadays trees are also planted in a grid pattern throughout the courtyard.
It is an architectural design element in Islamic architecture and Islamic garden design. [3] A riwaq often serves as the transition space between interior and outdoor spaces. As portico or arcade structure, it provides shade and adjustment to sunlight in hot climates, and cover from rain in any locale.