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Visceral pain is pain that results from the activation of nociceptors of the thoracic, pelvic, or abdominal viscera (organs). Visceral structures are highly sensitive to distension (stretch), ischemia and inflammation , but relatively insensitive to other stimuli that normally evoke pain such as cutting or burning.
Cordotomy (or chordotomy) is a surgical procedure that disables selected pain-conducting tracts in the spinal cord, in order to achieve loss of pain and temperature perception. This procedure is commonly performed on patients experiencing severe pain due to cancer or other incurable diseases.
Chronic primary visceral pain occurs in the head or neck viscera of the digestive system; the abdominal area from viscera of the digestive system, such as IBS; the thoracic region, such as non-cardiac chest pain; and the pelvic area from the involvement of viscera of the urinary, digestive, and genital systems, such as chronic pelvic pain. [11]
If a chest pain patient suspects that he is suffering a myocardial infarction, he can calm down, remain in a position that is comfortable, calling emergency medical services and trying any other action of the applicable first aid process. Chest pain is a common symptom encountered by emergency medical services.
Referred pain, also called reflective pain, [1] is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus.An example is the case of angina pectoris brought on by a myocardial infarction (heart attack), where pain is often felt in the left side of neck, left shoulder, and back rather than in the thorax (chest), the site of the injury.
Costochondritis, also known as chest wall pain syndrome or costosternal syndrome, is a benign inflammation of the upper costochondral (rib to cartilage) and sternocostal (cartilage to sternum) joints. 90% of patients are affected in multiple ribs on a single side, typically at the 2nd to 5th ribs. [1]
It is an area that is insensitive to pain due to its association with the lung and innervation by visceral sensory neurons. [8] Visceral pleura also forms interlobular septa (that separates secondary pulmonary lobules). [9] Interlobular septa contains connective tissue, pulmonary veins, and lymphatics. [10]
In the abdomen, general visceral afferent fibers usually accompany sympathetic efferent fibers. This means that a signal traveling in an afferent fiber will begin at sensory receptors in the afferent fiber's target organ, travel up to the ganglion where the sympathetic efferent fiber synapses, continue back along a splanchnic nerve from the ganglion into the sympathetic trunk, move into a ...