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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): when derived from methane and ethane these compounds have the formulae CCl m F 4−m and C 2 Cl m F 6−m, where m is nonzero. Hydro-chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs): when derived from methane and ethane these compounds have the formula CCl m F n H 4−m−n and C 2 Cl x F y H 6−x−y, where m, n, x, and y are nonzero.
In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end. Polar molecules must contain one or more polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms.
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) is a haloalkane with the chemical formula C H 3 C Cl F 2.It belongs to the hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) family of man-made compounds that contribute significantly to both ozone depletion and global warming when released into the environment.
Trichlorofluoromethane, also called freon-11, CFC-11, or R-11, is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). It is a colorless, faintly ethereal, and sweetish-smelling liquid that boils around room temperature. [5] CFC-11 is a Class 1 ozone-depleting substance which damages Earth's protective stratospheric ozone layer. [6]
Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in parts-per-trillion. Atmospheric concentration of CFC-113 since year 1992. CFC-113 is a very unreactive chlorofluorocarbon. It remains in the atmosphere about 90 years, [9] sufficiently long that it will cycle out of the troposphere and into the stratosphere.
Polarizability usually refers to the tendency of matter, when subjected to an electric field, to acquire an electric dipole moment in proportion to that applied field. It is a property of particles with an electric charge.
Perfluoroalkanes are very stable because of the strength of the carbon–fluorine bond, one of the strongest in organic chemistry. [4] Its strength is a result of the electronegativity of fluorine imparting partial ionic character through partial charges on the carbon and fluorine atoms, which shorten and strengthen the bond (compared to carbon-hydrogen bonds) through favorable covalent ...
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...