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Dulaglutide, sold under the brand name Trulicity among others, [8] is a medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in combination with diet and exercise. [9] [10] It is also approved in the United States for the reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes who have established cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors.
Empagliflozin was approved for medical use in the United States and in the European Union in 2014. [13] [23] [24] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [25] In 2022, it was the 56th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 12 million prescriptions.
Drugs used in diabetes treat types of diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin , most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide , exenatide , and others), and pramlintide , all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents.
[15] [16] Because the drug was the first GLP-1 agonist that could be taken once a day, sales projections in 2013 were €500M per year by 2018. [16] Sanofi resubmitted the application which the FDA accepted in September 2015, by which time Sanofi had lost the lead in the field of anti-diabetic drugs to Novo Nordisk. [17]
GLP-1 medications are drugs that mimic the effects of the GLP-1 hormone, helping regulate blood sugar and reduce appetite. They are primarily used for managing type 2 diabetes but are also ...
Whether use in pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe is unclear. [10] It is in the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class and works by increasing the production of insulin and decreasing the production of glucagon by the pancreas. [8] Sitagliptin was developed by Merck & Co. and approved for medical use in the United States in 2006. [8]