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An arteriole is a small-diameter blood vessel in the microcirculation that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to capillaries. [1] Arterioles have muscular walls (usually only one to two layers of smooth muscle cells) and are the primary site of vascular resistance. The greatest change in blood pressure and velocity of blood flow ...
Blood vessels function to transport blood to an animal's body tissues. In general, arteries and arterioles transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body and its organs, and veins and venules transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs. Blood vessels also circulate blood throughout the circulatory system.
The blood flows from the venules into the veins. Metarterioles connect arterioles and capillaries. A tributary to the venules is known as a thoroughfare channel. [citation needed] The microcirculation has three major components: pre-capillary, capillary, and post-capillary. In the pre-capillary sector, arterioles, and precapillary sphincters ...
In vertebrates, the circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the body. [1] [2] It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek kardia meaning heart, and Latin vascula meaning vessels).
It is associated with aging, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, [5] dementia, [6] and may be seen in response to certain drugs (calcineurin inhibitors). [7] It is often seen in the context of kidney pathology. [4] [8] [9] In hypertension only the afferent arteriole is affected, while in diabetes mellitus, both the afferent and efferent arteriole ...
Vasa vasorum are networks of small blood vessels that supply the walls of large blood vessels, such as elastic arteries (e.g., the aorta) and large veins (e.g., the venae cavae). The name derives from Latin 'the vessels of the vessels'.
In the cases of veins or arteries, traumatic fistulas usually occur between artery and vein. Portacaval anastomosis , by contrast, is a veno-venous anastomosis between a vein of the portal circulation and a vein of the systemic circulation , which allows blood to bypass the liver in patients with portal hypertension , often resulting in ...
Deep veins are deeper in the body and have corresponding arteries. Perforator veins drain from the superficial to the deep veins. [16] These are usually referred to in the lower limbs and feet. [17] Superficial veins include the very small spider veins of between 0.5 and 1 mm diameter, and reticular or feeder veins. [18] Venous plexuses