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Mars's equator is defined by its rotation, ... In 1840, Mädler combined ten years of observations and drew the first map of Mars ever made. Rather than giving names ...
The geology of Mars is the scientific study of the surface, crust, ... Near the equator in the western hemisphere lies an immense system of deep, ...
The maps below were produced by the Mars Global Surveyor ' s Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter; redder colors indicate higher elevations.The maps of the equatorial quadrangles use a Mercator projection, while those of the mid-latitude quadrangles use a Lambert conformal conic projection, and the maps of the polar quadrangles use a polar stereographic projection.
Meridiani Planum (alternatively Terra Meridiani) is a large plain straddling the equator of Mars.The plain sits on top of an enormous body of sediments that contains bound water.
Enough gas may have been released by volcanoes to have made the earlier Martian atmosphere thicker than Earth's. The volcanoes could also have emitted enough H 2 O to cover the whole Martian surface to a depth of 120 m (390 ft). Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that raises a planet's temperature: it traps heat by absorbing infrared radiation.
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.The surface of Mars is orange-red because it is covered in iron(III) oxide dust, giving it the nickname "the Red Planet". [22] [23] Mars is among the brightest objects in Earth's sky, and its high-contrast albedo features have made it a common subject for telescope viewing.
Location of Elysium Plantia on Mars. Elysium Planitia, located in the Elysium and Aeolis quadrangles, is a broad plain that straddles the equator of Mars, centered at It lies to the south of the volcanic province of Elysium, the second largest volcanic region on the planet, after Tharsis.
The Medusae Fossae Formation is a soft, easily eroded deposit that extends for nearly 1,000 km along the equator of Mars. Sometimes the formation appears as a smooth and gently undulating surface; however, in places it is wind-sculpted into ridges and grooves. [18]