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A granulosa cell or follicular cell is a somatic cell of the sex cord that is closely associated with the developing female gamete (called an oocyte or egg) ...
The larger ovarian follicles consist of an external fibrovascular coat, connected with the surrounding stroma of the ovary by a network of blood vessels, and an internal coat, which consists of several layers of nucleated cells, called the membrana granulosa. It contains numerous granulosa cells.
Juvenile granulosa cell tumour is a similar but histologically distinct rare tumour. It too occurs in both the ovary and testis. It too occurs in both the ovary and testis. In the testis it is extremely rare, and has not been reported to be malignant. [ 5 ]
Granulosa cell tumors, while rare (less than 5% of ovarian cancers), may both granulosa cells and theca cells. [6] Thecomas are benign proliferations of theca cells that may present with hormonal dysfunction. [7] Theca cells (along with granulosa cells) form the corpus luteum during oocyte maturation.
The granulosa lutein cells do have aromatase, and use it to produce estrogens, using the androgens previously synthesized by the theca lutein cells, as the granulosa lutein cells in themselves do not have the 17α-hydroxylase or 17,20 lyase to produce androgens. [5] Once the corpus luteum regresses the remnant is known as corpus albicans. [12]
A very rare tumour producing both ovarian (granulosa and/or theca) and testicular (Sertoli and/or Leydig) cells or tissues. Typically it consists of adult-type granulosa cells and Sertoli cells, [4] [5] but it has been reported with juvenile-type granulosa cells. [6] It has been reported to occur in the ovary usually, rarely in the testis. [7]
Granulosa and theca cells continue to undergo mitosis concomitant with an increase in antrum volume. The Graaf follicle reaches its maximum diameter (20–22 mm) during ovulation. Antral follicles can attain a tremendous size that is hampered only by the availability of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), on which it is dependent in this stage ...
The corona radiata is formed when the granulosa cells enlarge and become cuboidal, which occurs during the transition from the primordial to primary stage. These cuboidal granulosa cells, also known as the granulosa radiata, form more layers throughout the maturation process, and remain attached to the zona pellucida after the ovulation of the ...
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