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Nitrogen fertilizer being applied to growing corn in a contoured, no-tilled field in Iowa.. Nutrient management is the science and practice directed to link soil, crop, weather, and hydrologic factors with cultural, irrigation, and soil and water conservation practices to achieve optimal nutrient use efficiency, crop yields, crop quality, and economic returns, while reducing off-site transport ...
Even though nitrogen is a necessary element for life, too much of it in water can have negative effects on aquatic ecosystems and endanger human health. Agricultural runoff, where fertilizers containing nitrogen compounds can seep into rivers, lakes, and groundwater, is one of the main sources of nitrogen in water.
Energy efficiency is the goal of efforts to reduce the amount of energy required to provide products and services. The general term "energy efficiency in agriculture" reflects changes in technology, government policies, weather patterns, and farming management practices. There is not a single measure to describe, ensure, and improve energy ...
Phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers can affect soil, surface water, and groundwater due to the dispersion of minerals [47] into waterways due to high rainfall, [65] [66] snowmelt and can leaching into groundwater over time. [67] Agricultural run-off is a major contributor to the eutrophication of freshwater bodies.
Rhizobium: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium with legumes contributes substantially to total nitrogen fixation. Rhizobium inoculation is a well-known agronomic practice to ensure adequate nitrogen. [5] [6] One of the most widespread species is R. leguminosarum. Bradyrhizobium spp. (in particular Bradyrhizobium japonicum). [7]
Together with anaerobic condition, increases in soil water saturation can increase denitrification processes in the soil. Possible consequences are an increase in N 2 O emission, decreases in available nitrogen in soil and reduced efficiency of nitrogen usage by crops. [29] This may cause in an increase of fertilizer use. [9]
Precision agriculture (PA) is a management strategy that gathers, processes and analyzes temporal, spatial and individual plant and animal data and combines it with other information to support management decisions according to estimated variability for improved resource use efficiency, productivity, quality, profitability and sustainability of ...
Agricultural productivity is measured as the ratio of agricultural outputs to inputs. [1] While individual products are usually measured by weight, which is known as crop yield, varying products make measuring overall agricultural output difficult. Therefore, agricultural productivity is usually measured as the market value of the final output ...