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In gynecology, a rectocele (/ ˈ r ɛ k t ə s iː l / REK-tə-seel) or posterior vaginal wall prolapse results when the rectum bulges into the vagina. [1] Two common causes of this defect are childbirth and hysterectomy. [2] Rectocele also tends to occur with other forms of pelvic organ prolapse, such as enterocele, sigmoidocele and cystocele. [1]
Recovery may take four to six weeks. [1] Other surgical treatment may be performed to treat cystocele. Support for the vaginal wall is accomplished with the paravaginal defect repair. This is a surgery, usually laproscopic, that is done to the ligaments and fascia through the abdomen. The lateral ligaments and supportive structures are repaired ...
It is the surgical intervention for both cystocele (protrusion of the urinary bladder into the vagina) and rectocele (protrusion of the rectum into the vagina). [citation needed] The repair may be to either or both of the anterior (front) or posterior (rear) vaginal walls, thus the origin of some of its alternative names. [1] [2] [3]
When operating a pelvic organ prolapse, introducing a mid-urethral sling during or after surgery seems to reduce stress urinary incontinence. [13] Transvaginal repair seems to be more effective than transanal repair in posterior wall prolapse, but adverse effects cannot be excluded. [14] According to the FDA, serious complications are "not rare ...
repair of a urethra that is short [5] vaginal construction [3] [6] vaginal reconstruction [3] [6] vaginal vault prolapse [7] vaginal suspension and fixation [3] [6] operations on recto-uterine pouch [3] [6] repair of cystocele [3] [6] and rectocele [3] retropubic paravaginal repair [8] the repair of a cystocele using a graft or prosthesis [3] [6]
Another way of categorizing surgery for prolapse of pelvic organs is suspensive or resective (involving removal of sections of the bowel wall). Ventral rectopexy alone is a syspensive type surgery, a category which also includes colposacropexy. [10] Resection rectopexy additionally involves removal of a section of the sigmoid colon ...
Sigmoidocele may be internal if it is only detectable on defecography, or external if it detectable without imaging and associated with a rectocele or rectal prolapse. [2] It is a type of posterior compartment prolapse. [4] Sigmoidocele may be classified according to size relative to the pubococcygeal line. [2] [note 1]
In the US, greater than 200,000 surgeries are performed each year for pelvic organ prolapse. Examples of pelvic organ prolapse are cystocele, rectocele, urethrocele, enterocele and sigmoidocele. Cystocele is the most common. [10] [2]