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An insulin tolerance test (ITT) is a medical diagnostic procedure during which insulin is injected into a patient's vein, after which blood glucose is measured at regular intervals. This procedure is performed to assess pituitary function, adrenal function, insulin sensitivity , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and sometimes for other purposes.
Side effects include weight gain and hypoglycemia. While the potential for hypoglycemia is less than for those on sulfonylureas, [citation needed] it is still a serious potential side effect that can be life-threatening. Patients on this medication should know the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and appropriate management.
Some side effects are hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), hypokalemia (low blood potassium), and allergic reactions. [6] Allergy to insulin affected about 2% of people, of which most reactions are not due to the insulin itself but to preservatives added to insulin such as zinc, protamine, and meta-cresol.
It works by increasing insulin release from the pancreas and decreases excessive glucagon release. [6] Common side effects include low blood sugar, nausea, dizziness, abdominal pain, and pain at the site of injection. [6] [10] Gastrointestinal side-effects tend to be strongest at the beginning of treatment period and subside over time. [10]
The glucose tolerance test was first described in 1923 by Jerome W. Conn. [4]The test was based on the previous work in 1913 by A. T. B. Jacobson in determining that carbohydrate ingestion results in blood glucose fluctuations, [5] and the premise (named the Staub-Traugott Phenomenon after its first observers H. Staub in 1921 and K. Traugott in 1922) that a normal patient fed glucose will ...
Insulin is usually taken several times per day in patients who require it to control their diabetes. [32] Often patients usually take long acting insulin once a day and then take insulin before meals. The time of onset of the insulin determines how far in advance patients should take the insulin before they eat. [32]
[1] [2] Effects generally begin within half an hour and can last for up to a day. [1] Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, low blood sugar, and headache. [1] Other side effects include sleepiness, skin rash, and shakiness. [3] The dose may need to be adjusted in those with liver or kidney disease. [1]
Common side effects include low blood sugar, problems at the site of injection, itchiness, and weight gain. [7] Other serious side effects include low blood potassium. [7] NPH insulin rather than insulin glargine is generally preferred in pregnancy. [8] After injection, microcrystals slowly release insulin for about 24 hours. [7]