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Restenosis rates of drug-eluting stents appear to be significantly lower than bare-metal stents, and research is underway to determine if drug-coated balloons also improve restenosis outcomes. Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis , a narrowing of a blood vessel , leading to restricted blood flow.
A drug-eluting stent (DES) is a small mesh tube that is placed in the arteries to keep them open in the treatment of vascular disease.The stent slowly releases a drug to block cell proliferation (a biological process of cell growth and division), thus preventing the arterial narrowing that can occur after stent implantation.
The first two drug-eluting stents to be utilized were the paclitaxel-eluting stent and the sirolimus-eluting stent, both of which have received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Most current FDA-approved drug-eluting stents use sirolimus (also known as rapamycin), everolimus and zotarolimus .
The initial form of angioplasty was 'plain old balloon angioplasty' without stenting, until the invention of bare metal stents in the mid-1980s to prevent the abrupt closure that sometimes occurred plain old balloon angioplasty. [1] Bare metal stents were found to cause in-stent restenosis as a result of neointimal hyperplasia and stent ...
Coronary stents are placed during a coronary angioplasty.The most common use for coronary stents is in the coronary arteries, into which a bare-metal stent, a drug-eluting stent, a bioabsorbable stent, a dual-therapy stent (combination of both drug and bioengineered stent), or occasionally a covered stent is inserted.
A dual therapy stent is a coronary artery stent that combines the technology of an antibody-coated stent and a drug-eluting stent. [1] Currently, second-generation drug-eluting stents require long-term use of dual-antiplatelet therapy , which increases the risk of major bleeding occurrences in patients. [ 2 ]
The vast majority of stents used in modern interventional cardiology are drug-eluting stents (DES). They are used in a medical procedure called percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Coronary stents are divided into two broad types: drug-eluting and bare metal stents. As of 2023, drug-eluting stents were used in more than 90% of all PCI ...
A 2015 trial compared CABG and the latest technological advancement of PCI, second-generation drug-eluting stents in multivessel disease. Their results indicated that CABG is a better option for CAD patients. [17]