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The thenar eminence is the mound formed at the base of the thumb on the palm of the hand by the intrinsic group of muscles of the thumb. [1] The skin overlying this region is the area stimulated when trying to elicit a palmomental reflex. The word thenar comes from Ancient Greek θέναρ (thenar) 'palm of the hand'. [2]
Elaeis guineensis, the African oil palm, the major palm oil crop species; but also: Attalea maripa, the maripa palm; Cocos nucifera, the coconut palm, which yields coconut oil from its seeds; Elaeis oleifera, the American oil palm; The genus Elaeis, with just two species, E. guineensis and E. oleifera, referred to as the oil-palm genus
As the price of crude oil rose in the late 1970s, [2] manufacturers switched from petrochemicals to oleochemicals [3] because plant-based lauric oils processed from palm kernel oil were cheaper. Since then, palm kernel oil is predominantly used in the production of laundry detergent and personal care items like toothpaste, soap bars, shower ...
Palm oil block showing the lighter color that results from boiling. Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of oil palms. [1] The oil is used in food manufacturing, in beauty products, and as biofuel. Palm oil accounted for about 36% of global oils produced from oil crops in 2014. [2]
Oil from Elaeis guineensis is also used as biofuel. Human use of oil palms may date back to about 5,000 years in coastal west Africa. Palm oil was also discovered in the late 19th century by archaeologists in a tomb at Abydos dating back to 3000 BCE. [6] It is thought that Arab traders brought the oil palm to Egypt. [citation needed]
Palmitic acid was discovered by Edmond Frémy (in 1840) in the saponification of palm oil, which process remains today the primary industrial route for producing the acid. [13] Triglycerides (fats) in palm oil are hydrolysed by high-temperature water and the resulting mixture is fractionally distilled .
Palm oil, very popular for biofuel, but the environmental impact from growing large quantities of oil palms has recently called the use of palm oil into question. [157] Peanut oil, used in one of the first demonstrations of the Diesel engine in 1900. [148] Radish oil. Wild radish contains up to 48% oil, making it appealing as a fuel. [158]
A press developed at MIT's D-Lab, for example, is capable of exerting 800–1,000psi to extract peanut oil. [2] Industrial machines for extracting oil mechanically are call expellers. Many expellers add heat and pressure, in order to increase the amount of oil extracted. If the temperature does not exceed 120 °F, the oil can be called "cold ...