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Gilbert syndrome (GS) is a syndrome in which the liver of affected individuals processes bilirubin more slowly than the majority. [1] Many people never have symptoms. [ 1 ] Occasionally jaundice (a slight yellowish color of the skin or whites of the eyes) may occur.
Kernicterus is a bilirubin-induced brain dysfunction. [1] The term was coined in 1904 by Christian Georg Schmorl.Bilirubin is a naturally occurring substance in the body of humans and many other animals, but it is neurotoxic when its concentration in the blood is too high, a condition known as hyperbilirubinemia.
Gilbert Syndrome is a partial reduction in UGT1A1's activity which causes transient hyperbilirubinemia during various stressors, like fasting or acute illness. Gilbert syndrome is inherited in both autosomal dominant and autosomal recession nature. Crigler-Najjar syndrome is much more severe and presents in newborns.
Preterm infants - jaundice lasts for about two weeks, with a rapid rise of serum bilirubin up to 255 μmol/L (15 mg/dL). Phase two - bilirubin levels decline to about 34 μmol/L (2 mg/dL) for two weeks, eventually mimicking adult values. Preterm infants - phase two can last more than one month.
Jaundice in infants, as in adults, is characterized by increased bilirubin levels (infants: total serum bilirubin greater than 5 mg/dL). Normal physiological neonatal jaundice is due to immaturity of liver enzymes involved in bilirubin metabolism, immature gut microbiota, and increased breakdown of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). [ 54 ]
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Joey Graziadei. ABC/Christopher Willard Joey Graziadei has officially addressed the comments about his “yellow eyes.” “Hi everyone, I hope you are having a beautiful day,” Joey, 28, said ...
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