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This nerve damage causes an individual to experience pain and motor weakness, first in the feet and hands and then progressing centrally. Alcoholic polyneuropathy is caused primarily by chronic alcoholism ; however, vitamin deficiencies are also known to contribute to its development.
There are several causes of toxic optic neuropathy. [1] Among these are: ingestion of methanol (wood alcohol), ethylene glycol (automotive antifreeze), disulfiram (used to treat chronic alcoholism), halogenated hydroquinolones (amebicidal medications), ethambutol and isoniazid (tuberculosis treatment), and antibiotics such as linezolid and chloramphenicol as well as chloroquine and the related ...
This can be accomplished three ways including using medication, radiation, and surgery. [citation needed] The first choice involves using medications to alleviate the symptoms and reverse the damage by blocking the production of thyroxine from the thyroid gland. Beta-blockers are used to alleviate the symptoms associated with TM. But beta ...
This prevents proper retinal homeostasis and causes tissue injury. Over a long period, tissue damage accumulates and leads to tissue death or retinal infarction. [23] The duration of cocaine use is a major contributing factor to the severity of the adverse retinal effect. [24]
This is a general list of long-term side effects associated with Antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication.. Many patients will not develop these side effects, although there is still a significant possibility of risks associated with Antipsychotic usage.
The causes of nerve damage are grouped into categories including those due to paraneoplastic causes (neuropathy secondary to cancer), immune mediated, infectious, inherited or degenerative causes and those due to toxin exposure. In idiopathic sensory neuronopathy no cause is identified. Idiopathic causes account for about 50% of cases. [2]
Certain drugs, most famously the pesticide and metabolite MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridin-1-ium) can induce Parkinson's disease by destroying dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. [11] MPP+ interacts with the electron transport chain in the mitochondria to generate reactive oxygen species which cause generalized oxidative damage and ...
A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. In general surgery , endocrine or head and neck surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland (such as hyperthyroidism ) or goiter.