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In particular, its fundamental group is the same as the fundamental group of a circle, an infinite cyclic group. Therefore, paths on the Möbius strip that start and end at the same point can be distinguished topologically (up to homotopy) only by the number of times they loop around the strip. [16]
Generalizing the statement above, for a family of path connected spaces , the fundamental group () is the free product of the fundamental groups of the . [10] This fact is a special case of the Seifert–van Kampen theorem, which allows to compute, more generally, fundamental groups of spaces that are glued together from other spaces.
It follows from this definition and the fact that and are Eilenberg–MacLane spaces of type (,), that the unordered configuration space of the plane is a classifying space for the Artin braid group, and is a classifying space for the pure Artin braid group, when both are considered as discrete groups.
This allows showing that the Möbius group is a 3-dimensional complex Lie group (or a 6-dimensional real Lie group), which is a semisimple and non-compact, and that SL(2,C) is a double cover of PSL(2, C). Since SL(2, C) is simply-connected, it is the universal cover of the Möbius group, and the fundamental group of the Möbius group is Z 2.
A generator for the fundamental group is the closed curve obtained by projecting any curve connecting antipodal points in down to . The projective n {\displaystyle n} -space is compact, connected, and has a fundamental group isomorphic to the cyclic group of order 2: its universal covering space is given by the antipody ...
The Möbius strip is a surface on which the distinction between clockwise and counterclockwise can be defined locally, but not globally. In general, a surface is said to be orientable if it does not contain a homeomorphic copy of the Möbius strip; intuitively, it has two distinct "sides". For example, the sphere and torus are orientable, while ...
The companion concept to associated bundles is the reduction of the structure group of a -bundle . We ask whether there is an H {\displaystyle H} -bundle C {\displaystyle C} , such that the associated G {\displaystyle G} -bundle is B {\displaystyle B} , up to isomorphism .
The Möbius strip can be constructed by a non-trivial gluing of two trivial bundles on open subsets U and V of the circle S 1.When glued trivially (with g UV =1) one obtains the trivial bundle, but with the non-trivial gluing of g UV =1 on one overlap and g UV =-1 on the second overlap, one obtains the non-trivial bundle E, the Möbius strip.