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  2. Silicon dioxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide

    Silicon dioxide is a relatively inert material (hence its widespread occurrence as a mineral). Silica is often used as inert containers for chemical reactions. At high temperatures, it is converted to silicon by reduction with carbon. Fluorine reacts with silicon dioxide to form SiF 4 and O 2 whereas the other halogen gases (Cl 2, Br 2, I 2 ...

  3. Water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water

    Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 2 O.It is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, [c] and nearly colorless chemical substance.It is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a solvent [20]).

  4. Quartz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz

    Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).The atoms are linked in a continuous framework of SiO 4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO 2.

  5. Properties of water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_water

    This attraction, hydrogen bonding, explains many of the properties of water, such as its solvent properties. [60] Although hydrogen bonding is a relatively weak attraction compared to the covalent bonds within the water molecule itself, it is responsible for several of the water's physical properties.

  6. Molecular sieve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_sieve

    The sieving properties of molecular sieves are classified as microporous (3-10 Å pores) including zeolite A, LTA, and FAU. Some clays, active carbon, and porous glass meet this criterion. mesoporous materials (<2 nm pores) macroporous materials (2–50 nm pores), e.g., in the form of Silicon dioxide (used to make silica gel): 24 Å (2.4 nm) [6]

  7. Silicate mineral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineral

    In mineralogy, silica (silicon dioxide, SiO 2) is usually considered a silicate mineral rather than an oxide mineral. Silica is found in nature as the mineral quartz , and its polymorphs . On Earth, a wide variety of silicate minerals occur in an even wider range of combinations as a result of the processes that have been forming and re-working ...

  8. Network covalent bonding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_covalent_bonding

    Examples of network solids include diamond with a continuous network of carbon atoms and silicon dioxide or quartz with a continuous three-dimensional network of SiO 2 units. Graphite and the mica group of silicate minerals structurally consist of continuous two-dimensional sheets covalently bonded within the layer, with other bond types ...

  9. Fused quartz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused_quartz

    The water content (and therefore infrared transmission) of fused quartz is determined by the manufacturing process. Flame-fused material always has a higher water content due to the combination of the hydrocarbons and oxygen fueling the furnace, forming hydroxyl [OH] groups within the material. An IR grade material typically has an [OH] content ...