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The composition of the Delos mosaics and pavements include simple pebble constructions, chip-pavement made of white marble, ceramic fragments, and pieces of tesserae. [2] [6] [13] The latter falls into two categories: the simpler, tessellated opus tessellatum using large pieces of tesserae, on average eight by eight millimeters, [14] and the finer opus vermiculatum using pieces of tesserae ...
The Zliten mosaic is a Roman floor mosaic from about the 2nd century AD, found in the town of Zliten in Libya, on the east coast of Leptis Magna. [1] The mosaic was discovered by the Italian archaeologist Salvatore Aurigemma in 1913 and is now on display at The Archaeological Museum of Tripoli . [ 2 ]
They cover much of the floor of a finely decorated building that probably served as the palace of a local governor. The Qastal mosaics depict geometrical patterns, trees, animals, fruits and rosettes. Except for the open courtyard, entrance and staircases, the floors of the entire palace were covered in mosaics. [27]
Despite the contrast in atmosphere, the Berlin mosaic from a house in Miletus manages to combine both a venatio and an Orpheus with animals in its two parts. [8] An arena programme recorded by Martial combined an acted-out scene of Orpheus charming the animals with the punishment of criminals by damnatio ad bestias. [9]
The mosaics are incredibly large, with "The Worcester Hunt," the largest Antioch mosaic in the United States, [3] measuring 20.5 feet (6.26 m) x 23.3 feet (7.11 m). [5] The mosaics range in design from realistic imagery and scenes, to purely geometric patterns. [4] It is believed that the mosaics were created by mosaic specialists. [1]
Roman mosaic floor panel of stone, tile, and glass, from a villa near Antioch in Roman Syria. second century AD. In architecture, tessellations have been used to create decorative motifs since ancient times. Mosaic tilings often had geometric patterns. [4] Later civilisations also used larger tiles, either plain or individually decorated.
Religious mosaics show similar subject matter to that found in other surviving religious Byzantine art in painted icons and manuscript miniatures. Floor mosaics often have images of geometrical patterns, often interspersed with animals. Scenes of hunting and venatio, arena displays where animals are killed, are popular.
The mosaics in the Villa Romana del Casale (c. 300 AD) from Roman Sicily perhaps represent the hallmark of mosaic art in the Late Imperial period. The mosaic decoration of the local palace complex culminates in the gallery, which contains a scene of animal hunting and fighting covering an area of 3,200 square feet (300 m 2). [10]