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Basic structure of a peroxisome Distribution of peroxisomes (white) in HEK 293 cells during mitosis Peroxisome in rat neonatal cardiomyocyte. A peroxisome (/ p ə ˈ r ɒ k s ɪ ˌ s oʊ m /) [1] is a membrane-bound organelle, a type of microbody, found in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells.
All peroxisomal proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and must be directed to the peroxisome. [2] The first step in this process is the binding of the protein to a receptor. The receptor then directs the complex to the peroxisome. Receptors recognize and bind to a region of the peroxisomal protein called a peroxisomal targeting signal, or PTS.
A peroxisome is a type of microbody that functions to help the body break down large molecules and detoxify hazardous substances. It contains enzymes like oxidase, react hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct of its enzymatic reactions. Within the peroxisome, hydrogen peroxide can then be converted to water by enzymes like catalase and peroxidase.
PPARs were originally identified in Xenopus frogs as receptors that induce the proliferation of peroxisomes in cells in 1992. [7] The first PPAR (PPARα) was discovered in 1990 during the search for a molecular target of a group of agents then referred to as peroxisome proliferators , as they increased peroxisomal numbers in rodent liver tissue ...
72129 Ensembl ENSG00000162928 ENSMUSG00000020283 UniProt Q92968 Q9D0K1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002618 NM_023651 RefSeq (protein) NP_002609 NP_076140 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 61.02 – 61.05 Mb n/a PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Peroxisomal membrane protein PEX13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PEX13 gene. It located on chromosome 2 next to KIAA1841 Interactions ...
Outline of cell biology. Cell structure: Cell coined by Robert Hooke; Techniques: cell culture – flow cytometry – microscope – light microscope – electron microscopy – SEM – TEM – live cell imaging; Organelles: Cytoplasm – Vacuole – Peroxisome – Plastid. Cell nucleus. Nucleoplasm – Nucleolus – Chromatin – Chromosome ...
Cellular compartments in cell biology comprise all of the closed parts within the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell, usually surrounded by a single or double lipid layer membrane. These compartments are often, but not always, defined as membrane-bound organelles. The formation of cellular compartments is called compartmentalization.
The cells of eukaryotic organisms are elaborately subdivided into functionally-distinct membrane-bound compartments. Some major constituents of eukaryotic cells are: extracellular space, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), peroxisome, vacuoles, cytoskeleton, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, nuclear matrix and ribosomes.