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Electoralism is a term first used by Terry Karl, professor of political science at Stanford University, to describe a "half-way" transition from authoritarian rule toward democratic rule. As a topic in the dominant party system political science literature, electoralism describes a situation in which the transition out of hard-authoritarian ...
Expected fraction of seats won, s vs fraction of votes received, v (solid black) according to the cube rule, with a plot of the seat:vote ratio (dashed red) The cube rule or cube law is an empirical observation regarding elections under the first-past-the-post system.
In a US presidential election, eligible members of the public vote for the electors of an Electoral College, who have previously pledged publicly to support a particular presidential candidate. [5] When the Electoral College sits, soon after the election, it formally elects the candidate that has won a majority of the members of the Electoral ...
A free and fair election is defined as an election in which "coercion is comparatively uncommon". This definition was popularized by political scientist Robert Dahl.A free and fair election involves political freedoms and fair processes leading up to the vote, a fair count of eligible voters who cast a ballot, a lack of electoral fraud or voter suppression, and acceptance of election results ...
Types of democracy refers to the various governance structures that embody the principles of democracy ("rule by the people") in some way. Democracy is frequently applied to governments (ranging from local to global), but may also be applied to other constructs like workplaces, families, community associations, and so forth.
An election is a formal group decision-making process whereby a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office.. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. [1]
In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections. [1] Multi-party systems tend to be more common in countries using proportional representation compared to those using winner-take-all elections, a result known as Duverger's law.
However, in real-life political electorates are inherently multidimensional, and the use of a one- or even two-dimensional model of such electorates would be inaccurate. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Previous research has found cycles to be somewhat rare in real elections, with estimates of their prevalence ranging from 1-10% of races.