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In the Java programming language, heap pollution is a situation that arises when a variable of a parameterized type refers to an object that is not of that parameterized type. [1] This situation is normally detected during compilation and indicated with an unchecked warning . [ 1 ]
Strings are passed to functions by passing a pointer to the first code unit. Since char * and wchar_t * are different types, the functions that process wide strings are different than the ones processing normal strings and have different names. String literals ("text" in the C source code) are converted to arrays during compilation. [2]
Using non-owned memory: It is common to use pointers to access and modify memory. If such a pointer is a null pointer, dangling pointer (pointing to memory that has already been freed), or to a memory location outside of current stack or heap bounds, it is referring to memory that is not then possessed by the program. Using such pointers is a ...
The std::string class is the standard representation for a text string since C++98. The class provides some typical string operations like comparison, concatenation, find and replace, and a function for obtaining substrings. An std::string can be constructed from a C-style string, and a C-style string can also be obtained from one. [7]
Even though string literals should not be modified (this has undefined behavior in the C standard), in C they are of static char [] type, [11] [12] [13] so there is no implicit conversion in the original code (which points a char * at that array), while in C++ they are of static const char [] type, and thus there is an implicit conversion, so ...
In computer science, string interning is a method of storing only one copy of each distinct string value, which must be immutable. [1] Interning strings makes some string processing tasks more time-efficient or space-efficient at the cost of requiring more time when the string is created or interned.
In an actual stack buffer overflow exploit the string of "A"'s would instead be shellcode suitable to the platform and desired function. If this program had special privileges (e.g. the SUID bit set to run as the superuser ), then the attacker could use this vulnerability to gain superuser privileges on the affected machine.
For function that manipulate strings, modern object-oriented languages, like C# and Java have immutable strings and return a copy (in newly allocated dynamic memory), while others, like C manipulate the original string unless the programmer copies data to a new string.