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Urban climatology is the study of urban climate. It is a branch of climatology that concerns interactions between urban areas and the atmosphere , the effects they have on one another, and the varying spatial and temporal scales at which these processes (and responses) occur.
The climate in urban areas differs from that in neighboring rural areas, as a result of urban development. Urbanization greatly changes the form of the landscape, and also produces changes in an area's air. The study of urban climate is urban climatology. In 1950 Åke Sundborg published one of the first theories on the climate of cities. [1] [2]
Urban geography includes different other fields in geography such as the physical, social, and economic aspects of urban geography. The physical geography of urban environments is essential to understand why a town is placed in a specific area, and how the conditions in the environment play an important role with regards to whether or not the ...
A definition of urban heat island is: "The relative warmth of a city compared with surrounding rural areas." [14]: 2926 This relative warmth is caused by "heat trapping due to land use, the configuration and design of the built environment, including street layout and building size, the heat-absorbing properties of urban building materials, reduced ventilation, reduced greenery and water ...
[35] [34] For example, the book Life After Carbon documents a number of cities which act as "urban climate innovation laboratories". [36] These cities as laboratories offer an efficient way to detect climate change by looking at the effects of the greenhouse effect on rooftops, street trees, and other environmental variables within a city ...
An urban thermal plume describes rising air in the lower altitudes of the Earth's atmosphere caused by urban areas being warmer than surrounding areas. Over the past thirty years there has been increasing interest in what have been called urban heat islands (UHI), [1] but it is only since 2007 that thought has been given to the rising columns of warm air, or ‘thermal plumes’ that they produce.
Physical geography examines the natural environment and how organisms, climate, soil, water, and landforms produce and interact. [26] The difference between these approaches led to the development of integrated geography , which combines physical and human geography and concerns the interactions between the environment and humans. [ 22 ]
Kerala lies between northern latitude of 8°.17'.30" N and 12°. 47'.40" N and east longitudes 74°.27'.47" E and 77°.37'.12" E. [2] Kerala's climate is mainly wet and maritime tropical, [3] heavily influenced by the seasonal heavy rains brought up by the monsoon Weather.