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De Facto Classification of Exchange Rate Arrangements, as of April 30, 2021, and Monetary Policy Frameworks [2] Exchange rate arrangement (Number of countries) Exchange rate anchor Monetary aggregate target (25) Inflation Targeting framework (45) Others (43) US Dollar (37) Euro (28) Composite (8) Other (9) No separate legal tender (16) Ecuador ...
US dollar-Pakistani rupee exchange rate. Between 1948 and July 1955, the Pakistani rupee was effectively pegged to the U.S. dollar at approximately Rs.3/31 per U.S. dollar. Afterwards, this was changed to approximately Rs.4/76 per U.S. dollar, a devaluation of 30%, to match the Indian rupee's value. [29]
Pakistan maintains foreign reserves with the State Bank of Pakistan. The currency of the reserves was solely the US dollar, incurring speculated losses after the dollar prices fell during 2005, forcing the then Governor SBP Ishrat Hussain to step down. In the same year, the SBP issued an official statement proclaiming diversification of ...
Price level indexes (PLIs), with the world average set at 100, are calculated by dividing the purchasing power parities (PPPs), where 1 PPP equals 1 US dollar in the US, by the market exchange rates, also equated to 1 US dollar. These ratios are then adjusted to align with the global average, which is standardized at 100.
The international dollar (int'l dollar or intl dollar, symbols Int'l$., Intl$., Int$), also known as Geary–Khamis dollar (symbols G–K$ or GK$), is a hypothetical unit of currency that has the same purchasing power parity that the U.S. dollar had in the United States at a given point in time.
Per capita GNP growth rate from 1985 to 1995 was only 1.2 percent per annum, substantially lower than India (3.2), Bangladesh (2.1), and Sri Lanka (2.6). [2] The inflation rate in Pakistan has averaged 7.99 percent from 1957 until 2015, reaching an all-time high of 37.81 percent in December 1973 and a record low of -10.32 percent in February 1959.
China lent Pakistan further 700 million dollars to shore up Forex reserves. [49] Pakistan's Consumer price index (CPI) further jumped to 31.5%, the highest annual rate in 50 years. [50] Also Fitch downgrades Pak's sovereign credit rating from CCC+ to CCC-. The New York-based ratings agency warned that a default could be a "real possibility". [51]
During that period economy of Pakistan remained in poor shape and Pakistan had to go to IMF again for record third in the period of Bhutto government. [3] As per few sources, this was the most corrupt government in the history of Pakistan. This time Pakistan got an amount of US$294,690 (equivalent to $589,251 in 2023) on 13 December 1995. [3]