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German-American historian Konrad Jarausch has argued that Mussolini was responsible for an integrated suite of political innovations that made fascism a powerful force in Europe. First, he proved the movement could actually seize power and operate a comprehensive government in a major country.
The first fascist country was Italy, ruled by Benito Mussolini (Il Duce). The Italian Fascists imposed totalitarian rule and crushed political and intellectual opposition, while promoting economic modernization, traditional social values and a rapprochement with the Roman Catholic Church .
The United States and Fascist Italy: The Rise of American Finance in Europe (Cambridge University Press, 2015). Overy, Richard. The Road to War (2009) pp 191–244 for 1930s. OL 28444279M; Rodrigo, Javier. Fascist Italy in the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939 (Routledge, 2021). Saunders, Frances Stonor. The Woman Who Shot Mussolini (Faber & Faber ...
Years later, and after Mussolini was forced from power by the King in 1943 only to be rescued by German forces, the Italian Social Republic founded by Mussolini and the fascists did incorporate the fasces on the state's war flag, which was a variant of the Italian tricolour national flag.
Mussolini did not respond to Hitler's requests as he did not have much interest in Hitler's movement and regarded Hitler to be somewhat crazy. [61] Mussolini did attempt to read Mein Kampf to find out what Hitler's Nazism was, but he was immediately disappointed, saying that Mein Kampf was "a boring tome that I have never been able to read" and ...
The United States, throughout its history, has had political, military, and administrative control over various regions and countries across the world. These territories were often acquired through war , treaties , or other diplomatic means.
Amongst Mussolini's aims were that Italy had to become the dominant power in the Mediterranean that would be able to challenge France or Britain, as well as attain access to the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. [35] Mussolini alleged that Italy required uncontested access to the world's oceans and shipping lanes to ensure its national sovereignty. [36]
On 24 October 1922, Mussolini declared in front of 60,000 militants at a Fascist rally in Naples: "Our program is simple: we want to rule Italy." [ 16 ] On the following day, the Quadrumvirs , Emilio De Bono , Italo Balbo , Michele Bianchi and Cesare Maria de Vecchi , were appointed by Mussolini at the head of the march, while he went to Milan .