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Due to their similar yet non-identical pronunciation in American English, ladder and latter do not qualify as homophones, but rather synophones [10] or homoiophones. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Heteronyms (literally "different name") are the subset of homographs (words that share the same spelling) that have different pronunciations (and meanings).
Homonym: words with same sounds and same spellings but with different meanings; Homograph: words with same spellings but with different meanings; Homophone: words with same sounds but with different meanings; Homophonic translation; Mondegreen: a mishearing (usually unintentional) as a homophone or near-homophone that has as a result acquired a ...
Words with the same writing and pronunciation (i.e. are both homographs and homophones) are considered homonyms. However, in a broader sense the term "homonym" may be applied to words with the same writing or pronunciation. Homograph disambiguation is critically important in speech synthesis, natural language processing and other fields.
Actually, a "homonym" is just the same word applied to different things. Originally spelling had nothing to do with it, because spelling was fluid and homonyms could usually be spelled the same by someone. So, "robin" in the UK and "robin" in the US are homonyms because they refer to different birds.
The term homophone sometimes applies to units longer or shorter than words, for example a phrase, letter, or groups of letters which are pronounced the same as a counterpart. Any unit with this property is said to be homophonous (/ h ə ˈ m ɒ f ən ə s /). Homophones that are spelled the same are both homographs and homonyms.
Homographs are words with the same spelling but having more than one meaning. Homographs may be pronounced the same (), or they may be pronounced differently (heteronyms, also known as heterophones).
Spelling may also be useful to distinguish in written language between homophones (words with the same pronunciation but different meanings), and thus resolve potential ambiguities that would arise otherwise. However in most cases the reason for the difference is historical, and it was not introduced to resolve amibiguity.
Non-standard: Seneca Jones Timber Co. executives say the pipe will effect 2,000 acres of their timberland, another 1,000 acres of property for roads, as well as public lands where Seneca harvests and transports logs. [18] Non-standard: The rain effected our plans for the day. Non-standard: We tried appeasing the rain gods, but to no affect.