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Isolationism is a term used to refer to a political philosophy advocating a foreign policy that opposes involvement in the political affairs, and especially the wars, of other countries. Thus, isolationism fundamentally advocates neutrality and opposes entanglement in military alliances and mutual defense pacts.
British Foreign Secretaries in an Uncertain World, 1919-1939 (Psychology Press, 2006). Kagan Robert. The Ghost at the Feast: America and the Collapse of World Order, 1900-1941 (Knopf, 2023) excerpt; Kaiser, David E. (1980). Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France, and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939 ...
Link, Arthur S. Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Era, 1910–1917 (1954), major scholarly survey online; brief summary of Link biography vol 2-3-4-5; Link, Arthur S. Wilson the Diplomatist: A Look at His Major Foreign Policies (1957) online; Link, Arthur S. ed. Woodrow Wilson and a Revolutionary World, 1913–1921 (1982). essays by 7 scholars ...
The Macmillan Dictionary of the First World War (1995) Strachan, Hew. The First World War: Volume I: To Arms (2004) Trask, David F. The United States in the Supreme War Council: American War Aims and Inter-Allied Strategy, 1917–1918 (1961) Tucker Spencer C (1999). The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland.
Before World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. [1] In August 1914, the magazine The Independent wrote "This is the Great War. It names itself". [2] In October 1914, the Canadian magazine Maclean's similarly wrote, "Some wars name themselves. This is the Great War."
United States non-interventionism primarily refers to the foreign policy that was eventually applied by the United States between the late 18th century and the first half of the 20th century whereby it sought to avoid alliances with other nations in order to prevent itself from being drawn into wars that were not related to the direct territorial self-defense of the United States.
In political science lexicon, the term "isolationism" is sometimes improperly used in place of "non-interventionism". [5] "Isolationism" should be interpreted as a broader foreign policy that, in addition to non-interventionism, is associated with trade and economic protectionism, cultural and religious isolation, as well as non-participation in any permanent military alliance.
In 1914 the war was so unexpected that no one had formulated long-term goals. An ad-hoc meeting of the French and British ambassadors with the Russian Foreign Minister in early September led to a statement of war aims that was not official, but did represent ideas circulating among diplomats in St. Petersburg, Paris, and London, as well as the secondary allies of Belgium, Serbia, and Montenegro.