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Torque multiplication has essentially ceased and the torque converter is behaving in a manner similar to a simple fluid coupling. In modern automotive applications, it is usually at this stage of operation where the lock-up clutch is applied, a procedure that tends to improve fuel efficiency .
The hydrodynamic torque converter was largely taken over from the previous 7G-Tronic transmission. It has a torque converter lock-up clutch and a twin-turbine harmonic damper with centrifugal pendulum absorber technology. [8] The torque converter lock-up can operate in all 9 forward gears.
The RL4R01A is a hydraulic controlled unit for its main operation. Shift timing is based on throttle cable position and governor pressure. Its only electronic parts are two solenoids, one for the torque converter clutch, and the other for the manual overdrive cancel switch, but these do not affect the gears control and passing.
Once fully locked, the torque converter no longer applies torque multiplication and will spin at the same speed as the engine. This provides a major increase in fuel economy. Modern designs provide partial lockup in lower gears to improve fuel economy further, but this can increase wear on the clutch components.
Beginning in 1982, it gained a locking torque converter (L3N71b) for greater efficiency. (See L3N71 link below). It gained an overdrive section in 1983 (L4N71b), culminating with preliminary electronic sensors and control functions being added in 1985 (E4N71b), and proceeding with the initial "R" for "rear wheel drive" with the RL4R01A/RE4R01A .
The 5L40E unit's centerpiece is an automatic overdrive which supersedes the French-made 4L30E four-speed automatic light-duty gearboxes, and like them features a torque converter clutch to eliminate slipping losses in select forward ranges. It is assembled in Strasbourg, France.
The 4T80-E transmission is electronically controlled and features an automatic overdrive transaxle with an electronically controlled torque converter clutch. The 4T80 originally used a viscous clutch, but this was changed in 2005 to ECCC. [1] [4] [2] [3] The 4T80 is built at Willow Run Transmission in Ypsilanti, Michigan.
Bellhousing (aka bell-housing or bell) is a colloquial term for the component that aligns and connects the transmission of a vehicle to its engine, and which covers and protects the flywheel/clutch or flexplate/torque converter. [1] It derives its name from the bell-like shape that those internal components necessitate.