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The Urdu alphabet (Urdu: اُردُو حُرُوفِ تَہَجِّی, romanized: urdū ḥurūf-i tahajjī) is the right-to-left alphabet used for writing Urdu. It is a modification of the Persian alphabet, which itself is derived from the Arabic script. It has co-official status in the republics of Pakistan, India and South Africa.
Shahmukhi script is a modified version of the Arabic script's Persian alphabet. It is identical to the Urdu alphabet , but contains additional letters representing the Punjabi phonology . For writing Saraiki , an extended Shahmukhi is used that includes 4 additional letters for the implosive consonants ( ٻ, ڄ, ݙ, ڳ ).
The Persian alphabet (Persian: الفبای فارسی, romanized: Alefbâ-ye Fârsi), also known as the Perso-Arabic script, is the right-to-left alphabet used for the Persian language. It is a variation of the Arabic script with five additional letters: پ چ ژ گ (the sounds 'g', 'zh', 'ch', and 'p', respectively), in addition to the ...
"Farsi" = Letters used in modern Persian. FW = Foreign words: the letter is sometimes used to spell foreign words. SV = Stylistic variant: the letter is used interchangeably with at least one other letter depending on the calligraphic style. AW = Arabic words: the letter is used in additional languages to spell Arabic words.
Urdu uses a modification of the Persian alphabet, whereas Hindi uses Devanagari. Hindustani in its common form is often referred to as Urdu or Hindi, depending on the background of the speaker/institution. This situation is fraught with sociopolitical factors and controversies, in which Persian plays a part. [3]
Since the early twentieth century Khowar has been written in the Khowar alphabet, which is based on the Urdu alphabet and uses the Nasta'liq script. Prior to that, the language was carried on through oral tradition. Today Urdu and English are the official languages and the only major literary usage of Khowar is in both poetry and prose composition.
Rohingya Arabic script consists of 40 letters, of which 36 are from its parent systems, Arabic, Persian, and Urdu alphabets. 4 are new characters unique to Rohingya. These new consonants represent consonants that undergo fusion with a consonant preceding them. 10 of these letters are exclusively used in writing of loanwords from Arabic or from ...
[219] [220] Urdu has borrowed words from Persian and to a lesser extent, Arabic through Persian, [221] to the extent of about 25% [15] [217] [218] [222] to 30% of Urdu's vocabulary. [223] A table illustrated by the linguist Afroz Taj of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill likewise illustrates the number of Persian loanwords to ...