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In the United States, school integration (also known as desegregation) is the process of ending race-based segregation within American public and private schools. Racial segregation in schools existed throughout most of American history and remains an issue in contemporary education.
Historical dictionary of school segregation and desegregation: The American experience (Bloomsbury, 1998) online. Sitkoff, Harvard. "Segregation, desegregation, resegregation: African American education, a guide to the literature." OAH Magazine of History 15.2 (2001): 6–13; historiography online.
Clergy members in Atlanta, Georgia, were concerned that a situation similar to what had occurred in Little Rock could also possibly occur in their city. [1] On November 3, 1957, 80 white members of the Atlanta Christian Council, an ecumenical organization, issued a statement that was published in both The Atlanta Constitution and The Atlanta Journal which outlined the members' stance on the ...
Upon returning to Georgia, Bell drafted a plan to create a commission, composed of leaders from parent–teacher associations (PTAs), union representatives, and members of the state's business and educational communities, [23] [24] that would travel throughout the state to gage the residents' opinions on school segregation and integration.
Prior to World War II, most public schools in the country were de jure or de facto segregated. All Southern states had Jim Crow Laws mandating racial segregation of schools. . Northern states and some border states were primarily white (in 1940, the populations of Detroit and Chicago were more than 90% white) and existing black populations were concentrated in urban ghettos partly as the ...
Racial segregation in Atlanta has known many phases after the freeing of the slaves in 1865: a period of relative integration of businesses and residences; Jim Crow laws and official residential and de facto business segregation after the Atlanta Race Riot of 1906; blockbusting and black residential expansion starting in the 1950s; and gradual integration from the late 1960s onwards.
[194] [195] Among other centennial observances, a time capsule was placed in the Student Center, and a team of historians wrote a comprehensive guide to Georgia Tech's history, Engineering the New South: Georgia Tech 1885–1985. [196] [b] In 1986, Pettit died of cancer, and Henry C. Bourne Jr. served as interim president. [197]
In contrast to charter and private schools, magnet schools generally foster racial integration rather than hinder it. [51] Such schools were initially presented as an alternative to unpopular busing policies, and included explicit desegregation goals along with provisions for recruiting and providing transportation for diverse populations. [50]