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Workplace harassment is belittling or threatening behavior directed at an individual worker or a group of workers. [1]Workplace harassment has gained interest among practitioners and researchers as it is becoming one of the most sensitive areas of effective workplace management.
Workplace incivility has been defined as low-intensity deviant behavior with ambiguous intent to harm the target. Uncivil behaviors are characteristically rude and discourteous, displaying a lack of regard for others. [1] The authors hypothesize there is an "incivility spiral" in the workplace made worse by "asymmetric global interaction". [1]
Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is employee's behavior that goes against the legitimate interests of an organization. [ 1 ] This behavior can harm the organization, other people within it, and other people and organizations outside it, including employers, other employees, suppliers, clients, patients and citizens.
Organizational deviance encompasses production and property deviance. Workplace-deviant behavior may be expressed as tardiness or excessive absenteeism. [8] These behaviors have been cited by some researchers as "withdraw(al) behaviors…such behaviors allow employees to withdraw physically and emotionally from the organization". [8]
EI and ethical behaviour among other members of the work team have been shown to have a significant impact on ethical behaviour of nursing teams. [94] Higher EI is linked to improvements in the work environment and is an important moderator between conflict and reactions to conflict in the workplace. [92]
A corporate scandal involves alleged or actual unethical behavior by people acting within or on behalf of a corporation. Many recent corporate collapses and scandals have involved some type of false or inappropriate accounting (see list at accounting scandals).
Adam Barsky investigated the effects of moral disengagement and participation in unethical work behavior across two studies. [53] The research focused on moral disengagement through moral justification and displacement of responsibility and unethical behavior as deceptive behaviors such as "outright lying", and "attempts to obscure the truth". [54]
Behavior, such as following ethical practices and taking ethical decisions, are observed, and consequently followed. Rewards and punishments given out by the leader create a second social learning opportunity, that teaches which behavior is acceptably and which is not. [4]