Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
A painting of a gentry scholar with two courtesans, by Tang Yin, c. 1500. The four occupations (simplified Chinese: 士农工商; traditional Chinese: 士農工商; pinyin: Shì nóng gōng shāng), or "four categories of the people" (Chinese: 四民; pinyin: sì mín), [1] [2] was an occupation classification used in ancient China by either Confucian or Legalist scholars as far back as the ...
Shanxi merchants were among the earliest Chinese businessmen and their history could be traced back to the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period.Southern Shanxi first came into commercial prominence due to its proximity to the political and cultural centers of ancient China.
The Ten Great Merchant Guilds (simplified Chinese: 十大商帮; traditional Chinese: 十大商幫; pinyin: Shí Dà Shāngbāng) were the variously influential groups of merchants and businessmen in Chinese history. They were: [1] Shanxi Merchants (晉商) - also known as Jin merchants; Huizhou Merchants - based in modern Huangshan, Anhui
The Thirteen Factories, the area of Guangzhou to which China's Western trade was restricted from 1757 to 1842 The gardens of the American factory at Guangzhou c. 1845. The Old China Trade (Chinese: 舊中國貿易) refers to the early commerce between the Qing Empire and the United States under the Canton System, spanning from shortly after the end of the American Revolutionary War in 1783 to ...
Indian merchants brought Roman styrax and frankincense to China, while the Chinese knew bdellium as a fragrant item from Persia, although it was native to West India. [143] The tall Ferghana horses imported from Fergana were highly prized in Han China. [144]
These merchants became patrons of opera, publishing, and painting, but depended on imperial whim. They prudently showered the Kangxi Emperor with praise and gifts when he visited their luxurious gardens and attended their opera performances. [42] The merchants of the Changlu Salt Syndicate in Tianjin were only slightly less wealthy and influential.
The four occupations were the shì (士) the class of "knightly" scholars, mostly from lower aristocratic orders, the gōng (工) who were the artisans and craftsmen of the kingdom and who, like the farmers, produced essential goods needed by themselves and the rest of society, the nóng (農) who were the peasant farmers who cultivated the land which provided the essential food for the people ...
This category represents Chinese merchants and traders of the pre-modern and early modern periods (up to 1911). For people involved in modern business, see the parent category, Chinese businesspeople .