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Acellular dermis is a type of biomaterial derived from processing human or animal tissues to remove cells and retain portions of the extracellular matrix (ECM). These materials are typically cell-free, distinguishing them from classical allografts and xenografts, can be integrated or incorporated into the body, and have been FDA approved for human use for more than 10 years in a wide range of ...
Genetically modified pigs can produce allograft-equivalent skin material, [6] and tilapia skin is used as an experimental cheap xenograft in places where porcine skin is unavailable and in veterinary medicine. [7] [8] By thickness: Split-thickness A split-thickness skin graft (STSG) includes the epidermis and part of the dermis. Its thickness ...
The transplant is called an allograft, allogeneic transplant, or homograft. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allografts. It is contrasted with autotransplantation (from one part of the body to another in the same person), syngenic transplantation of isografts (grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals) and ...
Allograft skin often comes from cadaver skin and is mostly used to treat burn victims. Lastly, xenografted skin comes from animals and provides a temporary healing structure for the skin. They assist in dermal regeneration, but cannot become part of the host skin. [23] Tissue-engineered skin is now available in commercial products.
Acellular dermal matrices have been successful in a number of different applications. For example, skin grafts are used in cosmetic surgery and burn care. The decellularized skin graft provides mechanical support to the damaged area while supporting the development of host-derived connective tissue.
A face transplant is a medical procedure to replace all or part of a person's face using tissue from a donor. Part of a field called "Vascularized Composite Tissue Allotransplantation" (VCA) it involves the transplantation of facial skin, the nasal structure, the nose, the lips, the muscles of facial movement used for expression, the nerves that provide sensation, and, potentially, the bones ...
An acellular dermal matrix (such as Alloderm) graft uses donated medically processed human skin tissue as a source for the graft. The advantage of this procedure is no need for a palatal donor site, and though some periodontists consider it equally successful as a subepithelial connective tissue graft, [ 20 ] others consider it less successful.
The initial research of dermal equivalent leading to the Integra product resulted in a bilayer structure consisting of a dermal portion and epidermal portion. The dermal portion is composed of bovine hide collagen and chondroitin 6-sulfate that is crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. [7] The epidermal portion is composed of Silastic covering the ...