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Whereas breastfeeding jaundice is a mechanical problem, breast milk jaundice is a biochemical occurrence and the higher bilirubin possibly acts as an antioxidant. Breast milk jaundice occurs later in the newborn period, with the bilirubin level usually peaking in the sixth to 14th days of life.
Cessation of breastfeeding before the mother had planned to stop, usually as a result of breastfeeding difficulties; Low milk supply in general; Inability to establish breastfeeding, which may be caused by delayed onset of lactation; Lactation failure can result in neonatal jaundice. [1]
Breast milk jaundice is caused by an increased concentration of β-glucuronidase in breast milk, which increases bilirubin deconjugation and reabsorption of bilirubin, leading to persistence of physiologic jaundice with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Onset of breast milk jaundice is within 2 weeks after birth and lasts for 4–13 weeks.
Individual risk factors, such as breastfeeding, are not predictive of developing severe jaundice: Breastfeeding is a risk factor for severely high levels of bilirubin, but the risk factor is very common, and the risk of severely high bilirubin remains small. [122] Breast milk jaundice is jaundice that persists despite appropriate weight gain. [40]
That normalcy often includes sore nipples, engorgement of the breasts, trouble getting baby to latch, all of which can make the process very difficult in the first couple of weeks.
Classification and diagnosis of the underlying disease of hyperbilirubinemia are crucial for prescription of treatment. [6] Physical examination reviews clinical symptoms like degree of jaundice, vital signs and sensations of pain, further followed by urine tests, blood analysis and imaging.
The common cause is congenital, but it can also be caused by maternal steroids passed on through breast milk to the newborn.It is different from breast feeding-associated jaundice (breast-fed infants have higher bilirubin levels than formula-fed ones).
Breastfeeding difficulties refers to problems that arise from breastfeeding, the feeding of an infant or young child with milk from a woman's breasts.Although babies have a sucking reflex that enables them to suck and swallow milk, and human breast milk is usually the best source of nourishment for human infants, [1] there are circumstances under which breastfeeding can be problematic, or even ...