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A silver object that is to be sold commercially is, in most countries, stamped with one or more silver hallmarks indicating the purity of the silver, the mark of the manufacturer or silversmith, and other (optional) markings to indicate the date of manufacture and additional information about the piece.
A hallmark is punched into a section of a silver chain by a silversmith.. A hallmark is an official mark or series of marks struck on items made of metal, mostly to certify the content of noble metals—such as platinum, gold, silver and in some nations, palladium.
Towle Silversmiths is an American silver manufacturer. [1] Towle Silversmiths was founded in 1690 by William Moulton II, the first silversmith in Newbury, Mass. [2] [3] Moulton's family continued to operate the shop, and in 1857 apprentices Anthony Francis Towle and William P. Jones incorporated their work as Towle & Jones. [2]
The 3 Mark coins are 16.667 grams in weight and have a diameter of 33 mm. The 5 Mark coins are 27.778 grams in weight and have a diameter of 38 mm. In general a Mark represented 5 grams of silver. A 5 Mark silver coin thus contained 25 g silver; by contrast there were also 5 Mark gold coins with a content of 1.79 g of gold.
Since 1935, Christofle's master mark uses the same symbols with the letters CC and a diamond-shaped surround. The silver and/or gold metal hallmarks used by the silversmith are as follows: from 1844 to 1935, a scale with a bee between the trays, topped by 4 stars, 2 branches below and the letters CC, all in an oval in a rectangle.
Luxembourg euro coins dated 2007-2008 were produced at Monnaie de Paris, in Pessac, France and bear the mint master mark of Hubert Larivière, Director of the Paris Mint. As of 2009, coins are again minted at the Royal Dutch Mint in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Until 2015 it was again the mint master mark of Maarten Brouwer.
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"Silver in America, 1840-1940" - Magazine Antiques, December 1994 by Charles L. Venable Gorham Silver, 1831-1981 - N.Y., Dodd, Mead, 1983, by Charles H. Carpenter External links